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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Predicting Amputation using Local Circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells in Angioplasty-treated Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia
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Can Microbes Predict Amputation Severity?

Manisha Sarah Emmanuel1, Vijay Viswanathan2, Manjula Datta3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, M V Hospital for Diabetes and Prof M Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Chennai, India.

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds
|October 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic foot infections, a major cause of lower limb amputations, show a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria. Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus spp. were key pathogens in major and minor amputations, respectively.

Keywords:
Major amputationsMinor amputationsdiabetic foot infectionsdiabetic foot ulcers

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Diabetology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Diabetic foot complications frequently lead to lower limb amputations.
  • Understanding the microbial landscape is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and compare microorganisms isolated from major and minor diabetic lower limb amputations.
  • To analyze trends in microbial pathogens over a four-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study design.
  • Data collected from a tertiary care diabetes center in Chennai, India (January 2021 - December 2024).
  • Microbiological analysis of samples from diabetic lower limb amputations.

Main Results:

  • Gram-negative microorganisms predominated in both major and minor amputations.
  • Most infections were monomicrobial.
  • Proteus mirabilis was the most frequent isolate from major amputations, while Enterococcus spp. were most frequent in minor amputations.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct dominant pathogens in major versus minor amputations suggest complex infection dynamics.
  • Highlights the importance of routine microbiological surveillance in diabetic foot infections.
  • Further research is warranted to understand these infection patterns.