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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Change Research
  • Urban Sustainability

Background:

  • Cities are critical for implementing carbon reduction strategies and achieving national climate goals.
  • Existing research often overlooks Scope 3 emissions, focusing primarily on Scope 1 and Scope 2.
  • A comprehensive understanding of all emission scopes is vital for effective urban climate action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a methodological model for full-scope carbon emission accounting at the city level.
  • To create a dataset of Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions for Chinese cities in 2023.
  • To support intercity comparisons and intracity carbon management.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a novel methodological model for city-level full-scope carbon emission accounting.
  • Compilation of a dataset encompassing Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions for Chinese cities in 2023.
  • Analysis of quantitative and spatial differences in total carbon emissions across Chinese cities.

Main Results:

  • Significant quantitative and spatial disparities in total carbon emissions were observed among Chinese cities in 2023.
  • The top 10 cities exhibited carbon emissions 90 to 160 times higher than the bottom 10 cities.
  • Cities with high Scope 1 and 2 emissions are mainly in southeastern coastal regions, while high Scope 3 emissions are concentrated in central China's developing areas.

Conclusions:

  • The developed dataset provides essential data for intercity comparisons and intracity carbon management.
  • Understanding the full scope of emissions, including Scope 3, is crucial for targeted urban climate strategies.
  • The findings highlight the need for geographically tailored emission reduction policies to address China's carbon peaking and neutrality goals.