Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 14, 2026
A Finite Element Approach for Locating the Center of Resistance of Maxillary Teeth
Published on: April 8, 2020
Prevalence of c-shaped canal morphology in premolar and molar teeth assessed by cone-beam computed tomography:
Faezeh Yousefi1, Younes Mohammadi2, Elham Shokri3
1Oral and maxillofacial radiology department, Dental research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Purpose:
This systematic review aimed to investigate the prevalence of c-shaped canal in mandibular and maxillary premolars and molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the effect of factors (e.g., gender, geographic region and position in the jaw) on the prevalence of this anomaly.
Materials And Methods:
A search was conducted in 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus and web of science) and studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the prevalence of C-shaped canal using CBCT images until 2024. The I2 statistic was performed to determine heterogeneity and meta-analysis was conducted.
Results:
Of 5548 studies, 101 studies were selected for meta-analysis based on inclusion criteria. The highest prevalence of c-shaped canal was in the mandibular second molar (17.3%) and the lowest prevalence was in the maxillary first molar (0.8%). The prevalence of c-shaped canal in the mandibular second molar was higher in women (Female: 23.6%, Male: 16.7%). C-shaped canal in the mandibular second molar was more common in Asian continent compared to other continents. The prevalence of C-shaped canals did not differ significantly in the mandibular second molar on the right and left sides (Right: 21.2%, Left: 23.1%).
Conclusion:
Based on the results of this systematic review, the highest prevalence of c-shaped canal was in the mandibular second molar and it was more in Asian continent. Clinicians can consider the possibility of a C-shaped canal on the opposite side if they encounter the presence of a C-shaped canal during root canal therapy on one side. CBCT can be used to obtain sufficient information about the morphology of the root canal to improve the success of the root canal treatment.
More Related Videos
10:23Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
05:49Author Spotlight: Advancing CBCT and Digital Dental Image Integration with AI-Assisted Digitization
Published on: February 23, 2024
Related Concept Videos
01:15Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
01:21Tooth Anatomy
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...