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Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
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Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
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Semimetallic superconductivity in cubic Nd3In: a first-principles insight into indium-based compounds.

Arafat Rahman1, Alamgir Kabir1, Tareq Mahmud1

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We predict cubic Neodymium-3-Indium (Nd3In) as a novel material exhibiting both strong-coupling superconductivity and topological Weyl semimetal properties. This discovery opens new avenues for quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • The search for materials combining superconductivity and non-trivial topology is crucial for advancing quantum technologies.
  • Such materials can host exotic quantum states with potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict and characterize cubic Neodymium-3-Indium (Nd3In) as a candidate material with both superconductivity and topological properties.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms and potential applications of its unique electronic structure.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations were employed to investigate the electronic and phononic properties of Nd3In.
  • Anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg theory was used to analyze electron-phonon coupling and predict superconducting transition temperatures.
  • Topological invariants and Fermi surface features were analyzed to confirm its topological nature.

Main Results:

  • Nd3In exhibits strong-coupling superconductivity (electron-phonon coupling constant λ = 1.39) with a predicted superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of approximately 14 K at ambient pressure.
  • Under pressure (15 GPa), the Tc increases to 18 K, making it the highest reported for cubic semimetallic superconductors.
  • The material is identified as a Weyl semimetal, confirmed by the presence of Fermi arcs and non-trivial Z2 topological invariants.

Conclusions:

  • Cubic Nd3In is a promising material that simultaneously possesses strong-coupling superconductivity and non-trivial topological characteristics.
  • Its unique properties make it a strong candidate for applications in quantum transport and topological quantum computation.