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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Development of Combinatorial Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury using Stem Cell Delivery
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Multichannel 3D-Printed Bioactive Scaffold Combined with Small Interfering RNA Delivery to Promote Neurological

Jingjia Ye1, Fenglu Li2,3, Zhengfa Wen1

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, P. R. China.

Research (Washington, D.C.)
|October 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a 3D-printed scaffold with a bioactive hydrogel to guide axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). The innovative scaffold enhances nerve repair and improves locomotion recovery in rats.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) severely impairs neural circuits and motor function.
  • Guiding regenerating axons to target areas after SCI is a significant clinical challenge.
  • Current treatments lack effective strategies for precise axonal regeneration and functional recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated 3D-printed scaffold for enhanced axonal regeneration and functional recovery post-SCI.
  • To combine physical guidance cues with molecular modulation for synergistic therapeutic effects.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the scaffold's regenerative properties.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 3D-printed scaffold with parallel channels containing a laminin-derived peptide-infused hydrogel.
  • Incorporation of a small interfering RNA delivery system targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog.
  • Validation using immunohistochemistry, single-cell RNA sequencing, and behavioral assays in a rat SCI model.

Main Results:

  • The scaffold protected surrounding tissues and promoted significant axonal regeneration.
  • Locomotion function was substantially improved in rats treated with the scaffold.
  • Mechanistic studies revealed upregulation of Ephrin/Eph signaling pathway genes by the IKVAV peptide.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D-printed scaffold offers a promising strategy for SCI treatment.
  • The integrated approach of physical and molecular guidance enhances neural repair.
  • This technology has the potential to advance clinical approaches for SCI recovery.