Cross-sectional imaging features of duodenal obstruction: A case series highlighting etiologic diversity

Duodenal obstruction is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction. Its clinical presentation is often nonspecific, necessitating prompt and accurate imaging for diagnosis and therapeutic planning. We present a series of 6 cases of duodenal obstruction evaluated in our radiology department, highlighting a broad spectrum of underlying etiologies, including congenital, inflammatory, neoplastic, and vascular-mechanical origins. Imaging modalities included contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) in 5 patients and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 1 case. The causes identified were superior mesenteric artery syndrome, annular pancreas, left paraduodenal hernia, edematous duodenal bulb ulcer, duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and complicated duodenal diverticulitis. Cross-sectional imaging played a pivotal role in precisely localizing the obstruction, characterizing its etiology, and guiding appropriate medical or surgical management. Familiarity with the imaging features of these diverse entities is essential for timely diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.