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Understanding barriers to HIV care and treatment adherence in Guyana and the Caribbean: A mixed-methods analysis
1Ministry of Health of Guyana Disease Control Department, Georgetown, Guyana.
Objectives:
This study aimed to identify and analyze the primary barriers to HIV care and treatment adherence in Guyana and the Caribbean.
Methods:
A cross-sectional mixed-methods design was employed, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with 200 HIV-positive individuals attending clinics in Guyana and the Caribbean. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was obtained.
Results:
Key findings revealed that stigma (60%), financial constraints (55%), and transportation issues (45%) were the most reported barriers. Stigma was particularly prevalent among unemployed participants (P <0.05), while transportation challenges were more significant in rural areas (P <0.01). Approximately 85% of participants reported adherence rates above 90%, but 15% had discontinued treatment due to side effects, stigma, or financial barriers. Follow-up support, such as peer counseling, significantly improved re-engagement in care (P <0.01).
Conclusions:
The study highlights the multifaceted barriers to HIV care in Guyana and the Caribbean, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce stigma, improve financial accessibility, and enhance follow-up services.
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