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Learning Mass Casualty Triage via Role-Play Simulation.

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Summary

This educational intervention improved disaster preparedness for trainees using a simulated mass casualty incident (MCI). Participants demonstrated enhanced skills in applying Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) protocols, reporting increased confidence in managing real-life MCIs.

Keywords:
disaster medicineevent medicinegamificationinteractive learningmass casualty incidentmedical simulationstart

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Disaster Preparedness

Background:

  • Core competencies in disaster preparedness, resource allocation, and mass casualty incident (MCI) command are crucial for event medicine.
  • Existing training methods may not fully prepare trainees for the unique challenges of MCI and disaster medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce medical trainees to core competencies in disaster preparedness and MCI command.
  • To enhance trainees' ability to apply triage algorithms, specifically Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START), in a simulated MCI.
  • To differentiate between standard triage and MCI triage protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A simulated MCI scenario was created at a music festival, involving a crowd stampede and fire.
  • Trainees participated in a hands-on exercise, triaging "patients" with assigned vital signs and mental status.
  • Performance was assessed based on triage accuracy and speed, with penalties for errors. Debriefing of incorrectly triaged patients was conducted.

Main Results:

  • 93% of participants reported feeling better prepared to manage a real-life MCI after the activity.
  • 98% of participants found the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) protocol more motivating for learning.
  • 96% reported the activity was more challenging and engaging than other learning activities.

Conclusions:

  • This innovative, physically and mentally engaging educational activity effectively improved trainees' disaster preparedness and MCI management skills.
  • The simulation successfully reinforced the application of the START triage system, boosting learner motivation and confidence.
  • Hands-on, scenario-based training is a valuable method for enhancing critical skills in event medicine and disaster response.