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Universal 3D/2D Surface Heterojunction-Based Piperidine Derivatives for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Jiafan Zhang1, Nan Yan2, Yang Cao1
1Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China.
A novel surface reconstruction agent, 4-trifluoromethylpiperidine, creates 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This enhances efficiency and stability, achieving a 26.17% power conversion efficiency (PCE).
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy
- Photovoltaics
Background:
- Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer high efficiency but suffer from stability issues.
- 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures are a key strategy to improve both efficiency and stability.
- Precise surface control is crucial for optimizing heterostructure performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce 4-trifluoromethylpiperidine (p-CF3PiP) as a surface reconstruction agent for 3D perovskites.
- To investigate the formation of 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures using p-CF3PiP.
- To evaluate the impact of this strategy on PSC efficiency, stability, and charge transport.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized 3D perovskite films modified with p-CF3PiP.
- Characterized the resulting 3D/2D heterostructures using advanced spectroscopy and microscopy.
- Fabricated inverted PSC devices with varying bandgaps.
- Tested device performance and long-term stability under standard and accelerated conditions.
Main Results:
- p-CF3PiP promoted the formation of high-n-value (n=4) 2D perovskite layers on 3D perovskite, enhancing film stability.
- The 3D/2D heterostructure improved electron extraction and transport, reducing defect density and carrier recombination.
- Inverted PSCs with a 1.55 eV bandgap achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.17% and a high open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.194 V.
- Flexible and wide-bandgap (1.68 eV) devices demonstrated high PCEs of 24.26% and 22.72%, respectively.
- Exceptional long-term stability was observed, retaining 99% PCE after 1730 h and showing only 20% degradation after 423 h under harsh conditions.
Conclusions:
- 4-trifluoromethylpiperidine is an effective surface reconstruction agent for creating stable and efficient 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures.
- This approach significantly enhances charge carrier dynamics and suppresses recombination, leading to high-performance PSCs.
- The demonstrated stability and efficiency highlight the potential of this strategy for commercializing perovskite solar technology.
