Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay01:27

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

3.8K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is  a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
3.8K
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

1.6K
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
1.6K
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

1.9K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
1.9K
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

58.3K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
58.3K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

3.4K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
3.4K
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

1.2K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Learning-based non-linear registration robust to MRI-sequence contrast.

Proceedings of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine ... Scientific Meeting and Exhibition. International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Scientific Meeting and Exhibition·2026
Same author

A hypothalamic-brainstem activity sequence underlies arousal fluctuations during daytime drowsiness.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Fast segmentation with the NextBrain histological atlas.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Investigating the Effects of Acute Stress on Neural Mechanisms of Self-controlled Decision-making.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

From Low Field to High Value: Robust Cortical Mapping From Low-Field MRI.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same author

Improving Neuropathological Reconstruction Fidelity via AI Slice Imputation.

Research square·2026
Same journal

Benchmarking fMRI Denoising Pipelines.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same journal

Modeled Long-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Dynamic Activity and Effective Connectivity of Fronto-Striatal-Thalamic Circuits.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same journal

Intrinsic Functional Architecture Reflects Individual Differences in Passive Working Memory: An Exploratory Resting-State fMRI Study.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same journal

Symptom Overlap and Neurobiological Similarities Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Tinnitus.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same journal

Test-Retest Reliability of Sensorimotor Activity Measured With Spinal Cord fMRI.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same journal

The Human Visual Claustrum Responses to Physical Stimulus Properties and Subjective Content During Movie Viewing.

Human brain mapping·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Time-dependent Increase in the Network Response to the Stimulation of Neuronal Cell Cultures on Micro-electrode Arrays
10:45

Time-dependent Increase in the Network Response to the Stimulation of Neuronal Cell Cultures on Micro-electrode Arrays

Published on: May 29, 2017

10.3K

Progressive Changes Between Thalamic Nuclei and Cortical Networks Across Stimulus-Response Learning.

Chelsea Jarrett1, Katharina Zwosta1, Xiaoyu Wang1

  • 1Technische Universität Dresden, Fakiltät Psychologie, Dresden, Germany.

Human Brain Mapping
|October 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The study reveals how brain network connections involving the thalamus change during learning. These shifts in functional connectivity (FC) help the brain transition from controlled actions to more automatic behaviors.

Keywords:
cortical networksfunctional connectivitygoal‐directed behaviourthalamic nucleitrial‐and‐error learning

More Related Videos

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning
11:20

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning

Published on: June 2, 2014

12.4K
Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity
11:56

Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity

Published on: November 11, 2017

16.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Time-dependent Increase in the Network Response to the Stimulation of Neuronal Cell Cultures on Micro-electrode Arrays
10:45

Time-dependent Increase in the Network Response to the Stimulation of Neuronal Cell Cultures on Micro-electrode Arrays

Published on: May 29, 2017

10.3K
Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning
11:20

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning

Published on: June 2, 2014

12.4K
Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity
11:56

Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity

Published on: November 11, 2017

16.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • The thalamus is a key brain structure connecting cortical and subcortical regions, crucial for cognitive functions.
  • Specific thalamic nuclei have unique connectivity patterns, but their roles in cognitive networks are not fully understood.
  • Thalamic nuclei, like the mediodorsal nucleus, are implicated in goal-directed behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in functional integration of thalamic nuclei within brain networks during the transition from controlled to automatic behavior.
  • To examine how functional connectivity (FC) between thalamic nuclei, cortical, and subcortical structures evolves during learning in humans.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 52 healthy subjects undergoing a stimulus-response learning task were analyzed.
  • Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were defined for 47 thalamic nuclei, 38 basal ganglia/hippocampal subregions, and 12 cerebral cortex regions.
  • ROI-to-ROI functional network analysis was used to examine learning-related FC changes.

Main Results:

  • Learning decreased FC between the frontoparietal network and higher-order thalamic nuclei.
  • Increased FC was observed between the cingulo-opercular network and pulvinar nuclei.
  • Altered FC was found between the default mode network (DMN) and mediodorsal nuclei, alongside increased intrathalamic FC and changes involving the putamen.

Conclusions:

  • Thalamic nuclei play a significant role in the neural basis of learning and behavioral automation.
  • Functional connectivity patterns involving the thalamus dynamically adapt during the shift from controlled to habitual actions.
  • These findings enhance our understanding of thalamocortical and thalamic-subcortical interactions in learning and behavior.