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Fractures: Bone Repair

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Published on: November 8, 2024

Complications in Treating Complex Cervical Deformities: Occurrence and Mitigation.

Isabelle Stockman¹, Esteban Quiceno^2,3, Hebatalla Bakr²

¹Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.

Clinical Spine Surgery

|October 23, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Complication rates are high after cervical deformity correction surgery, especially in patients with prior fusion. However, neurological function significantly improves, underscoring the need for careful preoperative planning to minimize risks.

Keywords:

cervical deformity complications deformity correction

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Surgical Approach and Complications of Stand-alone Lateral Trans-Psoas Interbody Fusion

Surgical Approach and Complications of Stand-alone Lateral Trans-Psoas Interbody Fusion

Published on: February 14, 2025

Area of Science:

Spine surgery
Orthopedics
Neurosurgery

Background:

Cervical deformity correction surgery aims to improve alignment and neurological function.
Complications and predictors of outcomes in this patient population require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate complication rates, identify predictors of complications, and assess functional outcomes in adults undergoing cervical deformity correction.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 40 adult patients with cervical deformity undergoing surgical correction (2019-2023).
Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, surgical details, and perioperative variables.
Complications were defined as events prolonging hospital stay, requiring readmission, or necessitating reoperation within 2 years. Neurological function assessed using modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score.

Main Results:

Complications occurred in 42.5% of patients, with dysphagia, infection/dehiscence, and C5 palsy being most common.
Prior cervical fusion was identified as an independent predictor of complications (OR 15.4, P=0.013).
Mean mJOA score significantly improved from 13.2 to 15.1 at 2-year follow-up (P=0.003).

Conclusions:

Cervical deformity correction is associated with high complication rates, particularly in patients with a history of prior fusion.
Despite complications, significant improvements in neurological function are achievable.
Meticulous preoperative planning, including alignment goals, risk factor optimization, and advanced instrumentation, is crucial for mitigating complications and improving long-term outcomes.