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Bovine formative embryonic stem cell plasticity in embryonic and extraembryonic differentiation
Yue Su1,2, Ruifeng Zhao2, Yifei Fang3
1Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)
|October 23, 2025
Summary
Researchers generated formative bovine stem cells (bFSCs) that are pluripotent in vitro and in vivo. These bovine stem cells can differentiate into various cell types, advancing agricultural biotechnology and pluripotency research.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Biotechnology
- Stem Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs) are crucial for understanding bovine development and disease models.
- Generating formative bESCs with full differentiation capacity remains a challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To generate and characterize formative bovine stem cells (bFSCs).
- To assess the pluripotency and differentiation potential of bFSCs.
- To investigate the unique metabolic features of bFSCs.
Main Methods:
- Generation of formative bovine stem cells (bFSCs).
- Direct differentiation into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs).
- Transcriptomic analysis and chimeric experiments with mouse and bovine embryos.
- Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) for cell type contribution analysis.
Main Results:
- Successfully generated formative bovine stem cells (bFSCs) with high pluripotency in vitro and in vivo.
- Demonstrated efficient differentiation of bFSCs into NPCs and PGCLCs.
- Identified distinct metabolic characteristics of bFSCs compared to human and mouse ESCs.
- Confirmed bFSC contribution to diverse cell types in chimeric embryos.
Conclusions:
- The establishment of bFSCs with dual developmental plasticity is a significant advancement.
- bFSCs offer a valuable model for agricultural biotechnology and studying bovine pluripotency.
- Further research into bFSCs can unlock new applications in disease resistance and preclinical models.
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