Optimizing pediatric emergency triage in low-resource settings: evidence-based strategies, task-shifting, and...

Effective triage in emergency settings is crucial to reduce pediatric mortality and improve timely access to care. However, in low-resource settings, the sustainability of models still faces barriers. This review aims to assess pediatric emergency triage in low-resource settings by employing evidence-based strategies, task-shifting, and technological innovations.

A comprehensive literature review was conducted to assess current pediatric triage models, identify barriers to effective triage, and explore innovations suitable for low-resource settings.

Key challenges include overcrowding, limited training, scarce diagnostic resources, and inappropriate adaptation of adult triage systems. Successful models of triage assessment and treatment show promise but face sustainability challenges. Task-shifting to non-physician clinicians and community health workers enhances capacity, while digital tools, artificial intelligence, and point-of-care biomarkers improve diagnostic precision and triage accuracy. Ethical challenges and inequitable access persist, particularly for marginalized populations.

Optimizing pediatric triage in low-resource settings requires a multipronged approach including policy integration, capacity building, technology adoption, and community involvement. Sustainable triage systems should combine standardized protocols, training, real-time decision support, and continuous quality improvement tailored to local contexts.