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Efficacy of DMARDs Therapy on the Disease Activity and Gene Expression Levels of FoxO1, FoxO3, Runx1, and Runx3 in

Seyed Askar Roghani1, Ramin Lotfi2,3, Shirin Assar4

  • 1Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran.

Health Science Reports
|October 24, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) treatment significantly reduced Runx3 gene expression in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This suggests DMARDs may lower RA disease activity and inflammation by modulating Runx3.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors are key in immune responses.
  • Runt-related transcription factor (Runx) family is vital for cartilage and bone homeostasis.
  • Understanding these factors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess plasma cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10) and gene expression of FoxO1, FoxO3, Runx1, and Runx3.
  • To compare these markers in early RA patients before and after disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) treatment versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IL-6 and IL-10 plasma levels.
  • Real-time PCR for FoxO1, FoxO3, Runx1, and Runx3 mRNA expression.
  • Study included 30 early RA patients (pre- and post-treatment) and 30 controls.

Main Results:

  • Elevated plasma IL-6 in RA patients (pre- and post-treatment) compared to controls.
  • Increased gene expression of FoxO1 and FoxO3 in RA patients (pre- and post-treatment).
  • Significantly higher Runx1 expression in RA patients; Runx3 expression was elevated pre-treatment but reduced post-DMARDs therapy.

Conclusions:

  • DMARDs treatment significantly downregulates Runx3 gene expression in early RA.
  • This reduction in Runx3 may contribute to decreased disease activity and inflammation in RA patients.
Keywords:
Runx3disease activityforkhead box O3interleukin‐6rheumatoid arthritis

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