Lathyrol inhibits the proliferation of Renca cells by altering expression of TGF-β/Smad pathway components and

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Shengyou Song1, Yalin Song2

  • 1Department of Education, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|October 24, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Lathyrol inhibits renal cell carcinoma (RCC) proliferation by targeting the TGF-β/Smad pathway and arresting the cell cycle. This study demonstrates lathyrol

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a significant cause of cancer morbidity and mortality.
  • The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway is implicated in RCC development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-proliferative effects of lathyrol on Renca mouse RCC cells.
  • To elucidate the mechanism involving inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad pathway and cell cycle arrest.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized bioinformatics analysis, in vitro cell culture, and in vivo animal experiments.
  • Assessed the impact of lathyrol on RCC cell activity, gene and protein expression, and tumor growth.
  • Examined the expression of key proteins in the TGF-β/Smad pathway and cell cycle regulators.

Main Results:

  • Lathyrol demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of RCC cell proliferation.
  • In vitro, lathyrol modulated TGF-β1, Smad6, and other Smad proteins; in vivo, it suppressed TGF-β1, TGF-βR1, and Smad proteins while upregulating Smad6.
  • Lathyrol decreased expression of cyclins and CDKs, and increased expression of P16, P21, and P27, indicating cell cycle arrest.

Conclusions:

  • Lathyrol represses key TGF-β/Smad pathway proteins, hinders signal transduction, and induces cell cycle arrest in RCC cells.
  • Lathyrol effectively inhibits RCC cell proliferation, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent.
  • Further research is warranted to fully explore lathyrol's mechanism in RCC treatment.
Keywords:
TGF-β/Smad signalingsmad signal pathwaycell cyclelathyrolproliferationrenal cell cancer

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