Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets
Published on: August 13, 2016
DynAPs and cytoplasmic assembly of axonemal dyneins
John B Wallingford1, Steven L Brody2, Amjad Horani3
1Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Abstract:
Motile cilia are microtubule-based organelles that generate fluid flow through coordinated beating, a process powered by axonemal dynein motors. Dyneins are pre-assembled in the cytoplasm by a suite of proteins called dynein axonemal assembly factors (DNAAFs). Genetic variants affecting either the motors or the assembly factors cause motile ciliopathy. In recent years, DNAAFs have been found to function in conjunction with heat-shock protein (HSP) chaperone systems and organize with dynein subunits within cytoplasmic foci known as 'dynein axonemal particles' (DynAPs). In this Perspective, we provide our view on the assembly and potential function of DynAPs, as well as their place within the broader context of motile ciliated cells.
Related Concept Videos
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins
Spindle Assembly
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles
Microtubules in Cell Motility
Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments

