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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Correlations between Aging, Telomeres, and Natural Compounds.

Katarzyna Rakoczy1, Laura Wojdyło1, Sara Suwała1

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Natural compounds show promise in healthy aging by protecting telomeres and reducing inflammation. Further research is needed to confirm their effectiveness in humans for extending lifespan and healthspan.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Molecular Biology
  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Biomedical Sciences

Background:

  • Aging is a complex process influenced by genetics, metabolism, and environment.
  • Telomere shortening, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are key aging hallmarks.
  • These factors contribute to age-associated diseases and reduced healthspan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of telomeres in aging.
  • To examine the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in modulating aging pathways.
  • To explore the translational relevance of telomere biology and natural compounds for healthy aging.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on telomere biology and natural compounds.
  • Analysis of molecular, cellular, and in vivo studies.
  • Examination of mechanisms including mitochondrial function, inflammation, and telomere maintenance.

Main Results:

  • Natural compounds (flavonoids, carotenoids, peptides, etc.) may protect telomeres and counteract aging hallmarks.
  • These compounds can diminish oxidative damage, stabilize inflammation, and support mitochondrial health.
  • Evidence suggests potential for extending lifespan and enhancing healthspan.

Conclusions:

  • Natural compounds offer a promising avenue for low-risk interventions in healthy aging.
  • Multidisciplinary research and human studies are crucial for validating efficacy and safety.
  • Integrating natural compounds into dietary strategies could reduce the burden of age-related diseases.