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Stroke in Individuals With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Sleep Apnea

Lin Chen1, Mingyue Hu2, Hao Xie3

  • 1Cardiovascular Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/MingyueHu47632.

JACC. Advances
|October 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) face increased stroke risk. Key factors like hypertension and dyslipidemia elevate this risk, while age and obesity may offer some protection.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) are independent stroke risk factors.
  • The combined impact of HCM and SAS on stroke risk is not well understood.
  • Stroke risk in patients with comorbid HCM and SAS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with stroke in patients with co-occurring HCM and SAS.
  • Utilize the National Inpatient Sample database for comprehensive analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 13,581 adult inpatients with HCM and SAS from 2010-2019.
  • Multivariable logistic regression to determine stroke-associated factors.
  • Adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, and treatment variables.

Main Results:

  • Stroke prevalence in the HCM-SAS cohort was 3.3%.
  • Associated stroke risk factors included female sex, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, dyslipidemia, peripheral vascular disease, and urinary tract infections.
  • Protective factors against stroke included younger age (21-50), obesity, chronic heart failure, and anticoagulant use.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with comorbid HCM and SAS are at elevated risk for stroke.
  • Management of known modifiable risk factors is crucial.
  • Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying pathobiology and develop risk mitigation strategies for this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
anticoagulationhypertrophic cardiomyopathyrisk factorssleep apneastroke

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