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Can a large language model inform patients about auditory brainstem implants?

Aysun Parlak Kocabay1, Merve İkiz Bozsoy2, Ergin Eroğlu3

  • 1Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. aysunprlk@gmail.com.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|October 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

ChatGPT-4o provides high-quality responses for auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) patient questions but requires college-level reading skills. Further refinement is needed for clinical use.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceAuditory brainstem implantChatGPTLarge language models

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) is a complex procedure for hearing restoration.
  • Patient education is crucial for understanding ABI, its procedures, and outcomes.
  • AI language models like ChatGPT-4o are increasingly explored for healthcare information dissemination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of ChatGPT-4o in answering patient-centered questions about auditory brainstem implantation (ABI).
  • To assess the content quality and readability of AI-generated responses for ABI patients.

Main Methods:

  • 51 real-world patient questions on ABI were categorized thematically.
  • Responses were evaluated by audiologists and an otologist for accuracy, comprehensiveness, clarity, and credibility.
  • Readability was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) formulas.

Main Results:

  • ChatGPT-4o received high scores (mean > 4.5) for content quality across all domains, with clarity scoring highest (4.72).
  • Readability analysis indicated a college-level reading requirement (FKGL ≈ 13.3), with "difficult" FRE scores (<50).
  • Diagnosis and surgical content domains showed particular readability challenges.

Conclusions:

  • ChatGPT-4o demonstrates potential as a supplementary tool for ABI patient education.
  • Current limitations in readability and clinical specificity hinder widespread clinical application.
  • Future integration requires ongoing AI refinement and essential medical oversight for safe use.