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Related Concept Videos

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Related Experiment Video

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Computerized cognitive training enhances cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by downregulating

Wenbo Zhang1, Jiaqi Song2, Fuxin Zhong1

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.

Journal of Translational Medicine
|October 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computerized cognitive training (CCT) improved cognition in mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). CCT potentially targets the microbiota-gut-brain axis by reducing R. torques and TMAO levels.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseComputerized cognitive trainingFunctional near-infrared spectroscopyGut microbiotaMicrobiota-gut-brain axis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is increasingly recognized for its role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis.
  • However, effective interventional strategies targeting the MGB axis for AD remain limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of computerized cognitive training (CCT) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD.
  • To explore the impact of CCT on cognitive function, functional connectivity, and the MGB axis, including gut microbiota and plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels.

Main Methods:

  • A 24-week, single-blind, randomized controlled trial involving 84 participants with MCI or mild AD.
  • Participants received either CCT or treatment as usual (TAU).
  • Outcomes included cognitive assessment (ADAS-cog), functional connectivity (fNIRS), plasma TMAO, and gut microbiota analysis.

Main Results:

  • CCT significantly improved cognitive function (ADAS-cog scores) compared to TAU.
  • CCT led to changes in prefrontal functional connectivity and reduced plasma TMAO levels.
  • CCT mitigated the expansion of Ruminococcus torques (R. torques), a gut bacterium correlated with cognitive and biomarker changes.

Conclusions:

  • A 24-week CCT program enhances cognitive function in MCI and mild AD.
  • The findings suggest CCT may act via the MGB axis, specifically by downregulating the R. torques-TMAO pathway.
  • This pathway presents a potential therapeutic target for multi-domain interventions in AD.