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High-Performance Artificial Synapse Device Based on Cs3Bi2Br9/NiO Heterostructure for Bio-Inspired Neuromorphic
Xiuqing Cao1,2, Wenfei Li1, Qingqing Zheng1
1School of Physics and Electronic Information, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, People's Republic of China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|October 25, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed a lead-free perovskite memristor for neuromorphic computing. This biocompatible artificial synapse shows robust synaptic function and high accuracy in handwritten digit recognition, paving the way for sustainable electronics.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Neuroscience
- Computer Engineering
Background:
- Neuromorphic computing requires energy-efficient, biocompatible artificial synapses.
- Lead-based perovskites, while effective, pose environmental concerns.
- Bismuth-based perovskites offer a promising, eco-friendly alternative.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a lead-free artificial synapse for neuromorphic applications.
- To investigate the synaptic behavior of a Cs3Bi2Br9/NiO heterostructure memristor.
- To assess the performance and stability of the developed memristor.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a Cs3Bi2Br9/NiO heterostructure memristor.
- Characterization of the memristor's resistance switching properties.
- Evaluation of synaptic functions and long-term stability.
- Testing performance on the MNIST handwritten digit recognition task.
Main Results:
- The Cs3Bi2Br9/NiO memristor demonstrated robust synaptic function and stability.
- Achieved a resistance switching change rate below 7.37% and 60-day ambient stability.
- Exhibited a memory retention time >7 × 10^3 s and >100 cycles durability.
- Attained 95.46% accuracy in MNIST recognition, outperforming traditional analog networks.
Conclusions:
- Lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9/NiO heterostructures are viable for sustainable neuromorphic hardware.
- The engineered heterostructure enhances device stability and synaptic mimicry.
- This work offers a scalable pathway for biocompatible electronics and advanced AI.
