Patient perception of artificial intelligence in breast imaging: A pilot survey study

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in breast imaging. Though radiologists appreciate its benefits and limitations, patients' receptiveness and understanding of AI in breast imaging remain unclear. We aim to investigate patients' preferences and perceptions of AI and its role in breast imaging interpretation.

Structured questionnaires were distributed to patients presenting for imaging or biopsies within the breast radiology department at six facilities within an urban hospital system between September 2023 and March 2024. The survey included 21 questions evaluating patient demographics and attitudes towards AI in breast imaging analysis. Data was analyzed using Pearson's Chi squared test and p < 0.05.

Among 130 survey respondents, 48 % supported the use of AI in breast radiology, independent of age, sex, race, education, and subjective understanding of AI. A significant percentage (70 %) of patients that have heard of examples of AI used in the medical field support its implementation in breast imaging (p < 0.0001). Most patients (64 %) would feel more comfortable with AI implementation, if they better understood how AI was used. The most frequently cited concern about AI in breast radiology was loss of patient-doctor relationship (43 %). Only 16 % would accept AI integration if it increased imaging cost. Most patients (60 %) prefer a primary radiologist read with a second physician consulted for questions versus AI.

Patients have variable understanding and preferences about AI in breast imaging. Educational measures to increase transparency and understanding of medical AI may improve patient trust in their healthcare experience.