Evaluation of Respiratory Mask Fitting Using Finite Element Analysis Numerical Simulations and Experimental Pressure...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Computational Mechanics
• Human Factors Engineering

Background:

• Generic respiratory masks like the N95 can cause discomfort due to poor fit and excessive tightening.
• Personalized mask design is crucial for improving user comfort and ensuring effective respiratory protection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To personalize the design of respiratory masks using 3D face scanning.
• To simulate mask fitting and predict comfort using finite element analysis (FEA).
• To evaluate the accuracy of FEA simulations against experimental measurements.

Main Methods:

• Recruited 10 participants for face scanning using ARKit and 3D infrared camera.
• Created personalized 3D respiratory masks based on individual facial geometry.
• Performed numerical simulations (FEA) using Ansys Mechanical to calculate pressure and seal.
• Conducted experimental pressure measurements under varying tightening levels for validation.
• Collected user feedback on mask comfort and fit.

Main Results:

• FEA simulation results were adjusted with a global correction factor.
• Post-correction, 86% of simulation results closely matched experimental pressure measurements (within 1N difference).
• Pressure and gap maps effectively visualized mask-face interaction and sealing capabilities.

Conclusions:

• 3D face scanning and FEA enable personalized respiratory mask design.
• This approach can significantly enhance mask comfort and ensure proper sealing.
• Customized masks offer a promising solution for improving respiratory protection and user experience.