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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use

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Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Assessment of apical radial pulse01:25

Assessment of apical radial pulse

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Apical-Radial (A-R) Pulse Assessment
The A-R pulse assessment involves simultaneous evaluation of the apical and radial pulses. When the apical and radial pulse rates vary, this assessment helps identify a pulse deficit.
Pre-Procedural Preparation
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
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Universal Atrial Fibrillation Screening Using Electrocardiographic Artificial Intelligence: A Cost-Effective Approach

Wei-Ting Liu1, Chin-Sheng Lin1, Chin Lin2,3,4

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Medical Systems
|October 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiography (AI-ECG) offers a cost-effective solution for atrial fibrillation screening in rural areas. This AI-ECG model demonstrates high accuracy and is particularly beneficial where medical resources are limited.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceAtrial fibrillationCost-effectiveness analysisElectrocardiogramRural areaSystematic screening

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Health Economics
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of stroke, necessitating effective screening strategies.
  • Screening for AF improves detection and management, but universal screening in rural areas presents challenges.
  • Artificial intelligence-enabled 12-lead electrocardiography (AI-ECG) offers a potential solution for enhanced AF detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an AI-ECG model for screening atrial fibrillation in rural communities.
  • To compare the cost-effectiveness of AI-ECG screening with physician-led screening and no screening.
  • To identify key factors influencing the cost-effectiveness of AI-ECG screening.

Main Methods:

  • A lifelong decision analytic Markov model was employed for cost-effectiveness analysis.
  • The AI-ECG model, trained on 285,108 patients, demonstrated high sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (99.1%).
  • Data from literature and Taiwan's epidemiological records informed costs, efficacy, utilities, and clinical variables. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used.

Main Results:

  • Both AI-ECG and physician-led screenings were more effective and costlier than no screening.
  • AI-ECG screening was less expensive ($141 vs. $196) than physician-led screening, with comparable effectiveness.
  • AI-ECG screening is more cost-effective at lower willingness-to-pay thresholds, while physician-led screening is preferable at higher thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • AI-ECG screening for atrial fibrillation is a cost-effective strategy, especially in resource-limited rural settings.
  • The referral rate after a positive AI-ECG result is a critical factor for its cost-effectiveness.
  • AI-ECG presents a viable and efficient alternative for improving AF detection and stroke prevention in underserved areas.