Unraveling LncRNAs: the future of lung cancer treatment

Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (LncRNAs) are larger than 200 nucleotides and resemble messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs), but they do not code for proteins. In both cell development and physiological cell function, LncRNAs have crucial biological functions. Consequently, cancer entails the disruption of their biological function. Many people die from lung cancer because it is diagnosed late, spreads to other parts of the body, and has a high treatment failure rate. Because they can be involved in either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing functions, LncRNAs are quickly becoming core molecules in lung cancer. Since LncRNAs are long-lasting in blood, they can be utilized as non-invasive diagnostic tools for cancer at an early stage. We review the latest research that has brought together evidence from real-world observations concerning the processes through which LncRNAs work in cancer formation, how they allow cancer to develop drug resistance, and how they can be used as possible diagnostic tools and markers of outcome, with a focus on lung cancer. We also cover some of the ongoing treatment strategies that can target LncRNAs. As seen from what has been laid out here, the examination of LncRNAs in lung cancer with protein-coding genes could provide evidence for a further elucidation of the molecular events behind the disease as well as its progression, and the potential for a new therapeutic pathway.