Biomarker Quantification of Gut Dysbiosis-Derived Inflammation: A Review

Gut dysbiosis, an alteration or imbalance in the composition and function of the gut microbiome can lead to a range of health issues. Inflammation in this setting leads to increased permeability of the intestinal barrier and the activation of immune responses which contributes to a range of inflammatory, autoimmune and metabolic diseases. Therefore, precise quantification of gut-derived inflammation is important to gain insights into the development and progression these diseases and to develop treatments. This review highlights the underlying mechanisms leading to gut inflammation and the markers of gut dysbiosis mediated inflammation. We then discuss strategies including disposable and wearable biosensing devices, biomedical imaging, sequencing and AI-based methods for the quantification of dysbiosis-derived inflammation. Challenges and future perspectives for quantification of gut dysbiosis mediated inflammation are proposed.