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Simultaneous Eye Tracking and Single-Neuron Recordings in Human Epilepsy Patients

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Triangular Neural Synchronization Patterns in Visual Impairment: A Comprehensive Case Series Exploring Multi-node

¹Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki, JPN.

|October 27, 2025

Summary

Visual impairment shows unique brain activity patterns using triangular synchronization. The Neural Triangle Index (NTI) may serve as a biomarker for this complex neural plasticity.

Keywords:

biomarkers compensatory plasticity congenital blindness eeg analysis network neuroscience neural plasticity phase locking rehabilitation sciences triangular synchronization visual impairment

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Biomarker Development

Background:

Compensatory neural plasticity in visual impairment involves complex multi-node network reorganization.
Conventional analyses of bilateral connections overlook intricate synchronization patterns.
Triangular synchronization patterns, reflecting coordinated activity among three cortical sites, are unexplored in visual impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate triangular neural synchronization patterns in individuals with visual impairment.
To introduce the Neural Triangle Index (NTI) as a proof-of-concept biomarker for multi-node neuroplasticity.

Main Methods:

Case series study involving seven participants (four congenital blindness, two acquired blindness, one sighted control).
EEG recordings during simulated navigation tasks using AF3, AF4, and Pz electrodes.
Analysis included spectral coherence, phase-locking values (PLVs), and the novel Neural Triangle Index (NTI).

Main Results:

Congenital blindness showed significantly elevated NTI values (mean 13.37±2.6) compared to acquired blindness (mean 7.30±1.6) and controls (1.07).
Enhanced alpha-band coherence between frontal electrodes observed in congenital blindness (0.84±0.08) versus acquired (0.55±0.18) and controls (0.34).
Congenital blindness exhibited stable phase-locking (PLV: 0.85±0.04) with distinct frontal and fronto-parietal synchronization patterns.

Conclusions:

First evidence of distinctive triangular neural synchronization patterns in visual impairment.
NTI shows potential as a biomarker for neuroplasticity, detecting multi-node dynamics missed by pairwise analyses.
Findings provide methodological groundwork for future large-scale validation studies on visual impairment neuroplasticity.