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Freeze-Dried Chitosan Scaffolds Containing Grape Seed Oil for Wound Healing Applications
Erik Felix Dos Santos1, Larissa Ribeiro Lourenço1, Carlos Alberto da Silva2
1Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09280-560, Brazil.
ACS Omega
|October 27, 2025
Summary
Grape seed oil incorporated into chitosan scaffolds via freeze-drying enhances wound healing properties. These porous biomaterials offer improved exudate control and cell proliferation, showing promise for chronic wound regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Dermatology
Background:
- Chronic wounds pose a significant health burden due to impaired healing, often stagnating in the inflammatory phase.
- Effective wound management requires porous biomaterials that control exudate, maintain moisture, and promote regeneration.
- Chitosan offers biocompatibility and hemostatic properties, while grape seed oil (GSO) provides antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop novel chitosan scaffolds incorporating grape seed oil (GSO) for enhanced wound healing applications.
- To investigate the impact of varying GSO concentrations on the morphological, physicochemical, and biological properties of chitosan scaffolds.
- To evaluate the potential of these GSO-loaded chitosan scaffolds as advanced biomaterials for skin repair.
Main Methods:
- Chitosan scaffolds were fabricated using a freeze-drying process with the incorporation of 0.3% and 0.6% (v/v) GSO.
- Scaffolds underwent comprehensive physical and chemical characterization, including porosity, swelling, degradation, and structural analysis via scanning electron microscopy.
- In vitro biocompatibility was assessed using epithelial Vero cells.
Main Results:
- The GSO-incorporated chitosan scaffolds maintained structural integrity over 28 days and exhibited durable GSO incorporation.
- Scaffolds displayed interconnected porous structures and high swelling capacity (up to 800%), indicating potential for exudate management.
- The 0.6% GSO concentration increased scaffold porosity and demonstrated reduced in vitro degradation rates, aligning with wound healing timelines. High biocompatibility was confirmed in vitro.
Conclusions:
- Freeze-drying is an effective method for incorporating GSO into chitosan scaffolds, yielding materials with tunable properties.
- These GSO-loaded chitosan scaffolds exhibit promising characteristics for wound healing, including controlled degradation, exudate absorption, and biocompatibility.
- The developed biomaterials represent a viable strategy for advancing chronic wound treatment and skin regeneration therapies.
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