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Awareness of Antibiotic Resistance Among Medical Professionals in Kerala, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abdul Shameem Kuttikkunnummal1, Sarinkumar P Sivan2, Deepa Divakaran3

  • 1Acute Medicine, Janardan Hospital, Kasargod, IND.

Cureus
|October 27, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) awareness is good among Kerala healthcare professionals, but significant gaps exist, particularly for nurses and those without formal training. Targeted education is crucial for AMR mitigation.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat.
  • Misuse of antimicrobials and limited professional awareness exacerbate antibiotic resistance.
  • Understanding awareness levels is key to combating AMR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess antibiotic resistance awareness among diverse healthcare professionals in Kerala, India.
  • To identify demographic and workplace factors influencing AMR awareness and stewardship.
  • To inform targeted educational interventions for AMR mitigation.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey of 345 healthcare professionals (doctors, dentists, nurses, pharmacists) in Kerala.
  • Utilized a validated 23-item Antibiotic Resistance Awareness Scale.
  • Analyzed demographic, training, and workplace data to identify awareness predictors.

Main Results:

  • Overall AMR awareness was moderate to high (mean score 73.9 ± 10.5).
  • Physicians had higher scores than nurses (p < 0.001).
  • Significant disparities noted by profession, training, and practice setting; only 23.5% had formal AMR training.

Conclusions:

  • Good overall AMR awareness exists, but significant disparities require attention, especially for nurses and those without formal training.
  • Urgent need for targeted educational programs and integrated stewardship curricula.
  • Findings essential for policy reform and AMR mitigation in similar global contexts.
Keywords:
amr awarenessantibiotic prescriptionantimicrobial resistanceantimicrobial resistance (amr)antimicrobial stewardship programs

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