Harnessing marine-derived materials for therapeutics innovations: Advances in biomaterials from the ocean

Marine-derived biomaterials have gained increasing attention in recent years because of their distinct biochemical composition, biological functionality, and ecological sustainability. Extracted from diverse marine organisms such as algae, crustaceans, mollusks, and fish, these materials particularly polysaccharides, proteins, minerals, and lipids, exhibit favorable properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenicity, and intrinsic bioactivity. Their structural and functional diversity enables their use in a wide range of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and regenerative medicine. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on marine biomaterials, emphasizing their physicochemical properties, mechanisms of action, and biomedical potential. Particular attention is given to recent innovations, emerging challenges, and strategies for future development in the field of biomaterials. The integration of marine-derived components into biomedical systems not only enhances material performance but also offers new pathways for creating sustainable and clinically effective therapies. Through this analysis, we aim to highlight the promise of marine biomaterials as next-generation platforms in biomedical applications.