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Physical Activity in 1-Year-Old Children Predicts Physical Activity Level at Age 3 Years Independent of Maternal

Anne Dsane Jessen1, Steffie Vang Gundersen2, Ida Karoline Bach Jensen3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Pediatrics. Clinical Practice
|October 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Physical activity (PA) tracked from 1 to 3 years in children. Maternal PA and sedentary behavior (SB) were not linked to child PA, highlighting early childhood as key for promoting activity.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Childhood physical activity (PA) is crucial for long-term health.
  • Understanding factors influencing early childhood PA is essential for public health interventions.
  • Tracking PA from infancy to early childhood provides insights into developmental patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the tracking of physical activity (PA) from 1 to 3 years of age.
  • To investigate associations between maternal prenatal and postpartum PA and sedentary behavior (SB) with child PA at ages 1 and 3 years.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 129 mother-child dyads.
  • Maternal PA and SB measured using activity trackers and questionnaires.
  • Child PA assessed via accelerometry at 1 and 3 years.

Main Results:

  • Child PA tracked from 1 to 3 years (rho: 0.36, P = .014).
  • Children's PA was lower at 1 year (2594 ± 1114 cpm) compared to 3 years (3836 ± 1305 cpm) (P < .001).
  • No significant associations found between maternal PA/SB and child PA at 1 or 3 years.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity tracks from 1 to 3 years, underscoring the importance of early life PA.
  • Maternal PA and SB during pregnancy and postpartum did not correlate with child PA.
  • Early childhood presents a critical window for promoting physical activity.
Abstract

Keywords:
FitBabyFitKidsFitMumaccelerometerearly childhoodpostpartumsedentary behavior

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