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Superior Epigastric Artery Perforator Flap for Chest and Abdominal Reconstruction: Anatomical Study and Clinical Application

  • 0From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open +

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October 27, 2025

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October 27, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Superior epigastric artery (SEA) perforator flaps are reliable for chest and abdominal wall reconstruction. Anatomical and clinical studies confirm their versatility and reproducibility, offering reduced donor site morbidity.

Area Of Science

  • Plastic surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Surgical reconstruction

Background

  • Superior epigastric artery (SEA) perforator flaps are established for reconstructive surgery.
  • These flaps supply skin transversely, making them suitable for chest and abdominal wall reconstruction.
  • They spare muscles, potentially reducing donor site morbidity.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To investigate the anatomical characteristics of SEA perforators.
  • To evaluate the clinical application and outcomes of SEA perforator flaps.
  • To assess the reliability and versatility of SEA perforator flaps for reconstruction.

Main Methods

  • Anatomical dissection of 114 SEA perforators in 35 cadavers, noting caliber and location.
  • Vessel imaging and analysis of perforator characteristics.
  • Clinical application in 6 patients for chest and abdominal wall reconstruction.

Main Results

  • Mean SEA perforator caliber was 0.68 mm, located on average 2.66 cm (x) and 4.9 cm (y) from the xiphoid process.
  • No significant differences in vessel caliber or location were found between sides.
  • Clinical reconstructions using SEA flaps showed successful outcomes with primary closure of donor sites without major complications.

Conclusions

  • SEA perforator flaps are versatile and reliable for chest and abdominal wall reconstruction.
  • The anatomical findings support their use in locoregional reconstruction.
  • These flaps offer a reproducible option with favorable donor site characteristics.