Home-based intervention strategy to reduce new chlamydia infection among young men: the HIS-UK RCT

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Sexual Health
• Health Promotion

Background:

• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health concern in the UK.
• Reducing STI rates is a priority for addressing sexual health inequalities.
• Correct and consistent condom use is key to preventing STI transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a home-based intervention (Home-Based Intervention Strategy United Kingdom) in reducing chlamydia positivity.
• To assess the intervention's impact on condom use experiences and correct/consistent usage among at-risk young men.
• To compare the intervention against usual condom distribution care.

Main Methods:

• A three-arm randomised controlled trial was conducted.
• Participants received either face-to-face or digital intervention, or usual care.
• Chlamydia screening and online questionnaires were used for data collection at baseline and 6 months.

Main Results:

• The intervention was well-received, with participants valuing the provided materials.
• A 4.9 percentage point reduction in chlamydia positivity was observed in the intervention group compared to control (7.9% vs. 12.8%).
• The intervention improved recent condom use, reduced errors/problems, and positively shifted condom attitudes, though consistent use did not significantly improve.

Conclusions:

• The home-based intervention positively impacted attitudes, confidence, and correct condom use, alongside increased recent usage.
• While not statistically significant due to recruitment challenges, the intervention showed a trend towards reduced chlamydia positivity.
• Elements of the intervention could be integrated into existing practices to improve sexual health outcomes.