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Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
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Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

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Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
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Transcatheter interventions post Norwood/Sano procedures: single-centre experience.

Huzeifa Elhedai1, Charalampos Kotidis1, Ahmed Afifi1,2

  • 1East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, University hospitals of Leicester NHS trusthttps://ror.org/02fha3693, Leicester, UK.

Cardiology in the Young
|October 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Transcatheter interventions are feasible for addressing residual lesions after the Norwood procedure with Sano shunt, improving patient hemodynamics and oxygenation. These procedures help patients reach the optimal time for subsequent palliation stages.

Keywords:
NorwoodSano shuntballoon angioplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Transcatheter interventions are increasingly utilized to manage postoperative residual lesions following the Norwood procedure with a Sano shunt.
  • The Norwood procedure is a complex surgical intervention for single-ventricle physiology, often requiring subsequent management of residual lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of transcatheter interventions in patients with a Sano shunt who have postoperative residual lesions.
  • To assess the impact of these interventions on hemodynamic parameters and oxygenation.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent transcatheter interventions after a Sano shunt between 2017 and 2023.
  • Data analysis included common interventions such as left pulmonary artery balloon angioplasty, aortic recoarctation angioplasty, and Sano shunt stenting.

Main Results:

  • Out of 34 patients, 13 (38%) required transcatheter interventions, most commonly left pulmonary artery angioplasty (n=6), aortic recoarctation angioplasty (n=6), and Sano shunt stenting (n=5).
  • Interventions demonstrated significant improvements in vessel size and reduced gradients for pulmonary arteries and aorta, as well as increased Sano shunt size and improved oxygen saturation (p<0.066 for all).
  • One procedure-related death occurred.

Conclusions:

  • Transcatheter intervention in patients with a Sano shunt is feasible and yields positive results.
  • These interventions effectively improve patient hemodynamics and oxygenation, facilitating timely progression to the second stage of palliation.