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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Using Facial Electromyography to Assess Facial Muscle Reactions to Experienced and Observed Affective Touch in Humans
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Longing for touch and CT-optimal touch perception after interpersonal trauma.

Birgit Hasenack1,2, Anouk Keizer1

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|October 27, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women with interpersonal trauma (IPT) did not report a stronger longing for touch (LFT) or altered perception of touch. This study investigated LFT and touch perception in women with IPT, finding no significant differences compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Interpersonal trauma (IPT) is known to negatively affect social touch perception.
  • Some evidence suggests individuals with IPT may experience a heightened longing for touch (LFT).
  • The relationship between IPT, LFT, and touch perception remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically assess the experience of LFT in women with IPT.
  • To investigate the association between LFT and the perception of CT-optimal touch in this population.
  • To explore how IPT influences the desire for and perception of social touch.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted with women participants.
  • Study 1 involved an online experiment rating videos of CT-optimal (3 cm/s) and non-optimal (18 cm/s) touch.
  • Study 2 used a lab-based experiment where participants received physical touch at CT-optimal and non-optimal speeds, alongside questionnaires assessing LFT and touch attitudes.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to hypotheses, women with IPT did not report significantly stronger LFT in either study.
  • No significant differences were found in the perception of CT-optimal touch between women with and without IPT.
  • No significant association was observed between LFT and touch perception in women with or without IPT.

Conclusions:

  • The study did not find evidence supporting a stronger longing for touch or altered touch perception in women with IPT.
  • Non-significant findings may be attributed to a low prevalence of trauma-related psychopathology in the IPT group.
  • Further research with different methodologies and participant samples is needed to clarify the complex interplay between trauma, touch, and longing.