Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Cardiovascular System01:14

Overview of the Cardiovascular System

15.4K
The cardiovascular system is a vital transportation system in the body. It comprises the heart and blood vessels and facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products.
Heart
The heart is the central pump of the cardiovascular system that circulates blood throughout the body. It comprises two atria receiving the blood and two ventricles pumping blood out of the heart. Their rhythmic contractions, called heartbeats, ensure that blood flow remains continuous.
Blood Vessels
Blood...
15.4K
Overview of the Heart01:07

Overview of the Heart

32.2K
The heart, a muscular organ located in the chest, functions as the body's pump, circulating blood through the vascular system. It has four chambers: two atria on top and two ventricles below. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and passes it to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and transfers it to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body.
The heart's structure...
32.2K
Layers of the Heart Wall01:15

Layers of the Heart Wall

7.2K
The heart wall comprises three distinct layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The outermost layer, the epicardium, is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium, featuring a thin, transparent mesothelial surface and an inner layer of areolar connective tissue with fat deposits that increase with age.
The myocardium, the thickest layer, consists of cardiac muscle cells interconnected by intercalated discs and crisscrossing connective tissue fibers. These muscle fibers contract...
7.2K
Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

14.9K
The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
14.9K
Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

3.9K
The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
3.9K
Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

2.0K
The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Progressive matrix stiffening of tyramine-modified silk fibroin hydrogels governs stage-specific pulmonary fibroblast activation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A Simple, Robust Method for Cellular Electrical Interfacing Using Molecular Patterning.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Airway-to-Go: An Ex Vivo Cystic Fibrosis Airway Model and Bioreactor System for High Throughput Gene Therapy Screening.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2025
Same author

Squidiff: predicting cellular development and responses to perturbations using a diffusion model.

Nature methods·2025
Same author

Tumor-on-chip models of CAR-T cell therapy.

Nature biotechnology·2025
Same author

A patient-specific engineered tissue model of BAG3-mediated cardiomyopathy.

Journal of tissue engineering·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model
13:04

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Published on: March 18, 2015

12.6K

Integrating Hierarchical Vasculature into Engineered Cardiac Tissues.

Richard Z Zhuang1, Francois Chesnais1, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic1,2,3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Engineering functional human cardiac tissues requires integrating blood vessels. This review explores biological and engineering strategies for vascularizing cardiac tissue, highlighting hybrid approaches for improved translation.

Keywords:
cardiac tissue engineeringheart developmentstem cellstranslationvascularization

More Related Videos

Tissue Engineering by Intrinsic Vascularization in an In Vivo Tissue Engineering Chamber
09:55

Tissue Engineering by Intrinsic Vascularization in an In Vivo Tissue Engineering Chamber

Published on: May 30, 2016

9.3K
Cardiac Spheroids as in vitro Bioengineered Heart Tissues to Study Human Heart Pathophysiology
10:41

Cardiac Spheroids as in vitro Bioengineered Heart Tissues to Study Human Heart Pathophysiology

Published on: January 23, 2021

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model
13:04

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Published on: March 18, 2015

12.6K
Tissue Engineering by Intrinsic Vascularization in an In Vivo Tissue Engineering Chamber
09:55

Tissue Engineering by Intrinsic Vascularization in an In Vivo Tissue Engineering Chamber

Published on: May 30, 2016

9.3K
Cardiac Spheroids as in vitro Bioengineered Heart Tissues to Study Human Heart Pathophysiology
10:41

Cardiac Spheroids as in vitro Bioengineered Heart Tissues to Study Human Heart Pathophysiology

Published on: January 23, 2021

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Integrating perfusable vasculature into engineered cardiac tissue is a critical challenge for clinical translation.
  • Current strategies focus on either cell-driven self-organization or biofabrication-guided structure, with limited success in combining both.
  • Bridging the gap between myocardial and vascular tissue engineering is essential for functional cardiac constructs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate current strategies for engineering vascularized cardiac tissues.
  • To categorize approaches into biologically driven and engineering-driven methods.
  • To propose a path forward, emphasizing hybrid strategies for enhanced physiological and translational relevance.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of vascularization strategies into biologically driven (cell self-organization) and engineering-driven (biofabrication) approaches.
  • Evaluation of each strategy based on structural fidelity, functional maturation, and scalability.
  • Development of a benchmarking framework to assess physiological and translational relevance.

Main Results:

  • Biologically driven approaches utilize cell-intrinsic mechanisms for vascular network formation.
  • Engineering-driven methods employ biofabrication techniques to dictate tissue architecture.
  • Both approaches have limitations in achieving comprehensive vascularization and functional integration.
  • Hybrid strategies combining both approaches show promise for overcoming current limitations.

Conclusions:

  • A hybrid approach, integrating cell-driven self-organization with biofabrication, is crucial for advancing vascularized cardiac tissue engineering.
  • Further research is needed to optimize hybrid strategies for improved structural integrity, functional maturation, and scalability.
  • Addressing the challenge of vascular integration is key to translating engineered cardiac tissues for therapeutic applications.