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Promoting vitality in a sheltered workplace: a realist evaluation protocol
Sanne Bom1, Malin Hollaar2, Semiha Denktaş2
1Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands bom@essb.eur.nl.
BMJ Open
|October 27, 2025
Summary
This study outlines a realist evaluation protocol for a sheltered workplace vitality program. It aims to understand how context and mechanisms influence physical activity, healthy eating, and social interaction for employees with disabilities.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Health Promotion
- Realist Evaluation
Background:
- Employees in sheltered workplaces face significant challenges in maintaining healthy lifestyles due to physical, mental, and psychosocial disabilities.
- Workplace health and vitality programs are crucial for this demographic, yet program evaluations in these settings are scarce.
- This paper details a protocol for evaluating a sheltered workplace vitality program focused on physical, mental, and social well-being.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a protocol for a realist evaluation of a sheltered workplace vitality program.
- To investigate how context and mechanisms influence program outcomes related to physical activity, healthy eating, and social interaction.
- To gain insights into promoting vitality-enhancing behaviors among employees with diverse work abilities.
Main Methods:
- A multimethod design employing adaptive qualitative methods.
- Development and refinement of an initial program theory using interviews, observations, and focus group discussions.
- Inclusion of intervention recipients (individuals with varying work abilities) and key stakeholders for comprehensive insights.
Main Results:
- The protocol details data collection and synthesis strategies for refining and validating the program theory.
- Aims to conduct at least 15 interviews, 15 observations, and 3 focus group discussions.
- The context-sensitive methodology is designed for scientific and practical value in similar settings.
Conclusions:
- The proposed realist evaluation offers a robust framework for understanding and improving vitality programs in sheltered workplaces.
- Findings will inform strategies to enhance physical activity, healthy eating, and social interaction for employees with disabilities.
- Dissemination through presentations, conferences, social media, and peer-reviewed publications is planned.
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