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Radiofrequency radiation-induced gene expression.

Henry Lai¹, B Blake Levitt²

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Reviews on Environmental Health

|October 27, 2025

Summary

Radiofrequency radiation (RFR) from wireless devices alters gene expression, indicating it acts as a stressor. This impacts cellular repair, stress response, and DNA integrity, suggesting a need to consider these effects in RFR exposure guidelines.

Keywords:

DNA damage apoptosis gene expression oxidative changes radiofrequency radiation stress

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Environmental Health

Background:

Cells alter gene expression to adapt to environmental changes and maintain homeostasis.
Radiofrequency radiation (RFR) is emitted by wireless devices, and its effects on gene expression are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the impact of RFR exposure on cellular gene expression.
To determine if RFR exposure induces cellular stress and damage.

Main Methods:

Review of existing studies reporting gene expression changes in cells exposed to RFR.
Analysis of affected genes involved in cellular repair, stress response, apoptosis, and neural functions.

Main Results:

RFR exposure significantly alters the expression of genes related to protein repair, stress response, oxidative changes, and apoptosis.
Gene expression data indicates RFR acts as a stressor, inducing oxidative changes and DNA/protein damage across various biological systems.
Findings are consistent with other biological studies on RFR exposure.

Conclusions:

Gene expression changes provide evidence that RFR is a cellular stressor.
RFR exposure can lead to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and protein damage.
These findings should inform the development of RFR exposure guidelines.