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Circulating Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Are Numerically and Functionally Deficient in Trauma Patients.

Ki-Jeong Park1, Hye-Mi Jin1, Young-Nan Cho1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Innate Immunity
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Trauma patients exhibit reduced numbers and impaired function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), despite increased activation markers. This suggests a complex role for pDCs in post-traumatic immune responses and potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
CytokinesFlow cytometryInjury severity scorePlasmacytoid dendritic cellsTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Trauma Research
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune regulators.
  • The role of DCs in trauma patients is not well understood.
  • Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and conventional DCs (cDCs) are major subsets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate frequencies and functions of pDCs and cDCs in trauma patients.
  • Analyze cytokine production and marker expression in DC subsets.
  • Evaluate the relationship between CD274+ pDCs and trauma severity.

Main Methods:

  • Included 25 trauma patients and 40 healthy controls.
  • Utilized flow cytometry to analyze DC subsets.
  • Performed in vitro experiments with cytokine stimulation and blocking antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Trauma patients had decreased pDC numbers and impaired IFN-α, TNF-α, and IL-12 production.
  • Increased CD86 and CD274 expression on pDCs, decreased on cDCs.
  • CD274+ pDCs correlated positively with Injury Severity Score (ISS).

Conclusions:

  • Trauma causes numerical and functional deficits in circulating pDCs.
  • Increased activation marker expression on pDCs contrasts with functional impairment.
  • Findings offer insights for targeted therapies in trauma immunology.