NovoMem^® vs CorMatrix^®: Decellularisation efficiency and extracellular matrix integrity for future vascular grafting

NovoMem^®, a collagen membrane derived from supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) decellularised porcine pericardium, is currently used as a barrier in dental bone grafts. In line with sustainable development goals, repurposing NovoMem^® for vascular grafts presents a strategic opportunity. This study aims to evaluate NovoMem^®'s decellularisation efficiency and extracellular matrix (ECM) preservation to assess its potential for vascular tissue engineering. The decellularisation efficiency was assessed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and DNA quantification to confirm cellular removal and fulfilment of the proposed minimal criteria of decellularisation. ECM integrity was evaluated through collagen staining (Picrosirius red), elastin staining (Elastin van Gieson), and an insoluble collagen assay to measure total collagen. NovoMem^® showed significantly reduced cellular content while preserving ECM architecture. The decellularised tissue had minimal residual DNA and retained its collagen framework. Compared with CorMatrix^®, a commercially available chemically decellularised cardiac patch from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) that has been repurposed for vascular grafts, NovoMem^® exhibited superior decellularisation efficiency with comparable ECM preservation. NovoMem^® also possesses biocompatibility, supporting mesenchymal stem cell growth. In conclusion, NovoMem^® has minimal cellular content with preserved structural integrity, thus suggesting it as an effective vascular graft that could integrate with host tissues with minimal risk of alloreactivity, potentially improving graft efficacy and long-term patency.