Food supplements - the labelling challenges

Background: Food supplements (FSs) labelling presents challenges for the food and pharmaceutical industries as well as regulatory authorities. Effective standardisation, improvement, and interpretation of FS labelling are essential for healthcare professionals (HPs) to provide accurate advice on these products. Aim: This article aims to address the regulatory and labelling complexities of these special foods, highlighting the need for more complete harmonisation all over the world and, at least, on the European Union (EU) market. Methodology: To help improve HP's knowledge concerning FS labelling, a critical analysis of relevant Global and European legislation and publications concerning FS labelling was conducted. Findings: It was found that FS labelling legislation is comprehensive. However, areas such as health claims and permitted dosages (illustrated by the case of biotin) require in-depth knowledge to develop guidelines to support HP interventions. The lack of harmonisation in EU regulation, for example, is a challenge that makes it difficult for HP to interpret information. The introduction of databases, such as the one developed by the Office of Dietary Supplements in the USA, which includes images of label quantities, serves as a model for providing transparent information. Conclusion: An HP with a better understanding of FS labelling is essential to provide accurate patient guidance and ensure the safety of FS consumption. The creation of resources and training programs to empower HPs is crucial to ensure quality advice and safe product use.