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Common Superficial Bacterial Skin Infections Self-Reported by 1047 Greek Competitive Swimmers: A 2021 Retrospective

Eleni Sfyri1, Niki Tertipi1, Vasiliki Kefala1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.

Infectious Disease Reports
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Superficial bacterial skin infections like impetigo are common in Greek swimmers. Hygiene habits and shared equipment significantly increase the risk of folliculitis, impetigo, and pitted keratolysis in competitive swimmers.

Keywords:
Greececompetitive swimmerscutaneous bacterial infectionsfolliculitisimpetigopitted keratolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Superficial bacterial skin infections are prevalent, especially in athletes.
  • Limited data exists on folliculitis, impetigo, and pitted keratolysis in swimmers.
  • Greek competitive swimmers are a key demographic for this study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of superficial bacterial skin infections among young competitive swimmers in Greece.
  • To identify risk factors associated with these infections in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 1047 swimmers or their parents via the Hellenic Swimming Federation.
  • Data collected included skin conditions, demographics, training, and hygiene behaviors.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to identify correlations.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence rates: 2.7% folliculitis, 10.9% impetigo, 3.2% pitted keratolysis.
  • Impetigo was more common in younger swimmers; folliculitis and pitted keratolysis in adolescents/adults.
  • Placing items on benches and sharing equipment were significantly associated with infections.

Conclusions:

  • Greek swimmers exhibit a high prevalence of bacterial skin infections.
  • Moisture exposure, shared equipment, and specific hygiene practices are likely contributors.
  • Targeted interventions are needed to mitigate infection risks in this population.