Time Delay and Frequency Analysis of Remote Microphones

Background/Objectives: A.BA.CO. is a speech-to-text captioning system developed for school classrooms. The system uses remote microphones to capture the teacher's speech without background noise. Under this setup, an issue of signal latency arises for students wearing hearing aids (HAs) or cochlear implants (CIs), whose latency is different from that of the remote microphones and may require the development of a temporal coupling solution. This study establishes the foundation for such a solution by determining the latency of two RMs (Remote Microphones) compatible with both HA and CI systems. The frequency response of the systems is analyzed independently and combined. Methods: The RMs combined with two Behind-The-Ear HAs, for which transparency was verified, were tested with two different compression ratios in a laboratory specializing in electroacoustic measurements using the comparison method to assess performance. Results: The time measurements revealed that the RMs differ by 10-12 ms (23-24 ms and 33-35 ms) and that the two HAs have time delays that differ by 1-2 ms (6-7 ms and 5-7 ms). The frequency responses showed that when HA and RM have similar gains, they exhibit comb-filter distortions. This effect could alter the acoustic output of devices in the ear canal and vary according to the mix ratio and mutual positions of HA and RM, potentially necessitating greater commitment from the wearer. Conclusions: The communication system will have to foresee different delays based on the model and brand of RM because similar transmission systems do not have the same time delays. RMs were originally designed for HA and are most effective if they represent the only or major acoustic stimulation that reaches the eardrum. These limits must be considered when estimating the effectiveness of A.BA.CO. with RM.