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Related Concept Videos

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Related Experiment Video

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Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
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Identification of Regulatory RNA-Binding Genes in Spermatogonial Stem Cell Reprogramming to ES-like Cells Using

Ali Shakeri Abroudi1, Hossein Azizi2, Hewa Khalid Abdullah3

  • 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 4818986557, Iran.

Cells
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can be reprogrammed into pluripotent, embryonic stem cell-like (ES-like) cells in vitro. This discovery offers new avenues for regenerative medicine and preserving male fertility.

Keywords:
ES-like cellgermlinereprogrammingsingle-cell RNA sequencingspermatogonial stem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are crucial for male fertility and possess latent pluripotent potential.
  • Understanding SSC reprogramming is key for regenerative medicine and fertility preservation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro reprogramming of mouse SSCs into cells with embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like properties.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying SSC reprogramming using transcriptomic and network analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and culture of SSCs from Oct4-GFP transgenic mice.
  • Characterization using immunocytochemistry, teratoma assays, and bulk/single-cell RNA sequencing.
  • Comparative transcriptomic analysis with ESCs and SSCs using public datasets (GEO).
  • Exploration of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and co-expression modules (STRING, Cytoscape, WGCNA).

Main Results:

  • Cultured SSCs formed ES-like colonies expressing pluripotency markers (OCT4, DAZL, VASA).
  • Transcriptomic analysis revealed shared regulatory networks with ESCs and identified key differentially expressed genes.
  • WGCNA highlighted co-expression modules and hub RNA-binding genes (Ctdsp1, Rest, Stra8) involved in reprogramming.
  • Teratoma assays confirmed the pluripotency of reprogrammed cells.

Conclusions:

  • Mouse SSCs can be successfully reprogrammed into pluripotent ES-like cells in vitro.
  • Network-based transcriptomic analyses provide novel insights into SSC reprogramming mechanisms.
  • These findings support the potential of SSCs in stem cell therapies and male fertility preservation.