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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures
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Secure and Efficient Lattice-Based Ring Signcryption Scheme for BCCL.

Yang Zhang1, Pengxiao Duan1, Chaoyang Li1

  • 1College of Software Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a transaction privacy preserving (TPP) model for blockchain-based cold chain logistics (BCCL) systems. It enhances data security and interoperability against quantum threats using a novel lattice-based ring signcryption (LRSC) scheme.

Keywords:
blockchaincold chain logisticslatticering signcryption

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Area of Science:

  • Supply Chain Management
  • Information Security
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • Blockchain-based cold chain logistics (BCCL) systems improve data sharing and interoperability but face security vulnerabilities, data loss risks, and quantum-based attacks.
  • Existing BCCL frameworks struggle with protecting private information and ensuring secure data exchange across institutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a transaction privacy preserving (TPP) model for BCCL systems to enhance security and data exchange.
  • To propose a lattice-based ring signcryption (LRSC) scheme resistant to quantum attacks, ensuring signer anonymity and data integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of blockchain technology with a ring signcryption scheme to form the TPP model.
  • Development of a lattice-based ring signcryption (LRSC) scheme leveraging lattice assumptions for quantum resistance.
  • Simultaneous execution of signature and encryption algorithms within the LRSC scheme for improved efficiency.

Main Results:

  • The proposed LRSC scheme demonstrates enhanced resistance against quantum attacks.
  • Formal security proofs confirm the LRSC scheme's ability to ensure signer confidentiality and unforgeability.
  • Experimental results show the LRSC scheme achieves higher efficiency compared to existing methods.

Conclusions:

  • The TPP model and LRSC scheme effectively facilitate secure cross-institutional logistics data exchange within BCCL systems.
  • The proposed solutions enhance the utilization of logistics information by addressing security vulnerabilities and quantum threats.