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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

388
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
388
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

462
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
462
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

239
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
239
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

397
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
397
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

435
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
435
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

402
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
402

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
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Risk Factors for Reintervention in Children with Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis: A 20-Year Single-Center Study.

Jelena Hubrechts1, Alessandra Zanfardino2, Catherine Barrea1

  • 1Division of Congenital and Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Recurrence of subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) after surgery is common in children, particularly younger ones. Identifying risk factors like age and stature is crucial for effective surgical planning and reducing reintervention needs.

Keywords:
childrenrisk factors of recurrencesubvalvular aortic stenosissurgical resection

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Medical Engineering

Background:

  • Subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) is a common cause of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in children.
  • Surgical resection is the standard treatment for SAS, but recurrence requiring reintervention is a significant concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with surgical reintervention in pediatric patients with SAS.
  • To evaluate the long-term outcomes of surgical resection for SAS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 76 pediatric patients (<18 years) who underwent surgical resection for SAS between 2000 and 2020.
  • Analysis of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data.
  • Assessment of reintervention rates and survival.

Main Results:

  • Reintervention was required in 13.1% of cases, with 5- and 10-year reintervention-free survival rates of 93.4% and 89.5%, respectively.
  • Younger age and shorter stature at initial surgery were significant predictors of reintervention.
  • Myomectomy reduced postoperative gradients but did not prevent recurrence and increased the risk of conductive disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical resection of SAS offers excellent survival but recurrence is a concern, especially in younger patients and those with tunnel-like lesions.
  • Individualized surgical planning is essential to balance recurrence risk with potential complications like conductive disorders.