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Multiplex Detection of Bacteria in Complex Clinical and Environmental Samples using Oligonucleotide-coupled Fluorescent Microspheres

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Multiplexed Optical Nanobiosensing Technologies for Disease Biomarker Detection.

Pureum Kim¹, Min Yu Choi¹, Yubeen Lee¹

¹School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.

|October 28, 2025

Summary

Multiplex biomarker detection using optical nanosensors improves diagnostic accuracy by identifying multiple disease indicators simultaneously. These advanced sensors are crucial for next-generation point-of-care testing (POCT).

Keywords:

biomarkers disease diagnosis fluorescence detection multiplex detection nanomaterials

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Single biomarker detection often leads to inaccurate diagnoses due to abnormal expression across multiple diseases.
Multiplex detection of disease-specific biomarkers significantly enhances diagnostic precision.
Optical sensing methods are increasingly vital for rapid and accessible disease diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in optical nanosensors for multiplex biomarker detection.
To highlight the role of nanomaterials and nanoscale phenomena in enhancing sensor performance.
To discuss the clinical translation potential of these nanosensors for point-of-care testing (POCT).

Main Methods:

Focus on optical sensing techniques: fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, and colorimetry.
Exploration of nanomaterials like plasmonic and carbon-based nanoparticles.
Leveraging nanoscale phenomena such as metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF), Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).

Main Results:

Optical nanosensors offer rapid, straightforward detection suitable for POCT.
Nanomaterial properties can be tailored to optimize sensor sensitivity and specificity.
Significant progress has been made in developing multiplex biomarker detection platforms.

Conclusions:

Optical nanosensors show great promise for improving disease diagnosis accuracy.
These technologies are well-suited for point-of-care testing (POCT) applications.
Nanosensors represent a key advancement for future disease diagnostic platforms.