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Not All U.S. Pharmacists Are Equal: A Full-Time Versus Part-Time Comparison
Ioana Popovici1, Manuel J Carvajal1
1Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2025
Summary
Earnings for pharmacists differ significantly based on full-time vs. part-time work. This study reveals distinct factors influencing pharmacist compensation across employment types, impacting workforce planning.
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Labor Economics
- Pharmacy Practice
Background:
- Part-time employment is growing in the U.S. labor market.
- Limited research exists on earnings determinants for full-time versus part-time pharmacists.
- Existing studies often use small or outdated datasets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze earnings determinants separately for full-time and part-time pharmacists.
- To compare how work input, human capital, demographics, and job features affect pharmacist pay.
- To provide timely insights into the current pharmacist labor market.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2019-2022 American Community Survey (ACS).
- Included 12,064 pharmacists aged 25-64 practicing in the U.S.
- Employed ordinary least-squares regression analysis, stratified by gender and employment type.
Main Results:
- Identified significant differences in factors influencing earnings between full-time and part-time pharmacists.
- Demonstrated the interplay of individual choices and market forces on pharmacist compensation.
- Highlighted variations in the impact of covariates across different employment categories.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacist earnings are shaped by distinct factors depending on employment status (full-time vs. part-time).
- Findings underscore the need for tailored strategies to support pharmacist retention and satisfaction.
- Results inform workforce planning and the design of targeted job incentives.
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