Production of Mycelium Mats for Textile Applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Mycology
• Textile Engineering

Background:

• Mycelium, a network of fungal hyphae, self-assembles into structures.
• It acts as a natural binder, reducing chemical and energy demands.
• Mycelium shows potential as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers like polyester and animal leather.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of mycelium mats for textile applications.
• To assess the impact of different treatments and drying methods on mycelium mat characteristics.
• To determine the suitability of mycelium mats for sewing and other textile processes.

Main Methods:

• Mycelium mats were cultivated in vitro and on jute substrates.
• Mats underwent treatments with salt, tannin, or citric acid solutions.
• Drying was performed via air-drying or oven-drying; properties like thickness, water absorption, and tear strength were measured.

Main Results:

• Citric acid treatment minimally altered color and appearance; air-dried mats averaged 1.4 mm thickness.
• Highest tear strengths reached 10.55 N/mm (citric acid treated) and 12.7 N/mm (citric acid treated with jute).
• Water absorption varied significantly, from 28% (citric acid, air-dried) to 267% (tannin, oven-dried).

Conclusions:

• Mycelium mats, particularly from *Trametes* fungus, can be optimized for textile applications.
• Specific treatments and drying methods influence material properties, with citric acid and air-drying yielding promising results for sewing.
• Mycelial materials present a viable, environmentally friendly alternative for the textile and related industries.