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Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
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A Zwitterionic Copolymer at High Temperature and High Salinity for Oilfield Fracturing Fluids.

Bo Jing1,2, Yuejun Zhu1,2, Wensen Zhao1,2

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A new zwitterionic polymer, polyAMASV, enhances deep shale gas fracturing fluids. It offers superior high-temperature and salt resistance, improving proppant transport and ensuring reservoir protection.

Keywords:
fracturing fluidshigh temperature and high salinitysand-carryingzwitterionic copolymer

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Deep shale gas exploration faces challenges with conventional fracturing fluids.
  • Existing fluids struggle with high temperatures, salinity, and efficient proppant transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate a novel zwitterionic polymer (polyAMASV) for deep shale gas fracturing.
  • To address limitations of water-based fracturing fluids in harsh reservoir conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Aqueous two-phase dispersion polymerization was used to synthesize polyAMASV.
  • Monomers included acrylamide (AM), AMPS, AA, SMA, and 4-VPPS.
  • Performance was assessed based on viscosity, salt tolerance, thermal stability, and proppant settling.

Main Results:

  • PolyAMASV demonstrated stable apparent viscosity in NaCl and CaCl2 solutions and at high temperatures.
  • The polymer reduced proppant settling rates by approximately 20% in saline environments.
  • The synthesized polymer exhibited rapid gel-breaking and low residue properties.

Conclusions:

  • PolyAMASV shows significant potential as an advanced fracturing fluid additive for deep shale gas.
  • The zwitterionic and hydrophobic properties contribute to enhanced performance in challenging conditions.
  • This development offers a promising solution for efficient and effective shale gas extraction.